Yes,
really: This year, the Party of Lincoln, Teddy Roosevelt, and
Eisenhower is championed by one candidate conservative evangelical
Christians suspect of worshiping odd, fecund Gods who live, love, and
multiply on strangely-named foreign planets, and by another candidate
enthralled by an economic philosophy that
helped birth Anton LaVey's Church of Satan.
This train wreck wasn't supposed to happen.
A
few months ago, despite ongoing, savage swipes from prominent
fundamentalist pastors who called Mormonism a "cult", the Republican
Party sloughed off evangelical right challengers in the 2012
presidential primaries, along with its "anyone but Mitt" syndrome, to
pick a Mormon as the GOP standard bearer in the 2012 presidential
election.
Then, Mitt Romney doubled
down on the "cult" issue by picking, as his vice presidential running
mate, a Congressman who as recently as 2010 (in
official campaign ads no less) had praised a libertarian philosopher
accused, in mid 2011 by a leading hard-right Catholic journal, of promoting a thinly-veiled form of satanism.
For
a party that not too long ago under George W. Bush had managed to
artfully wrap its bloodier instincts in the evangelical cloak of many
colors that was "compassionate conservatism", Paul Ryan's radical budget
- that provoked ire from
across the Catholic political spectrum - and Mitt Romney's apparent
disgust at
the mooching "47% percent" of America - threatened to open up a rift
between religious conservatives who see some sort of proper role for
government in mitigating the worst effects of laissez faire capitalism,
and secular conservatives who envision anarcho-capitalism as the road to
a glorious, Ayn Rand-inspired utopia in which the "producers" would
finally relegate the mooching masses to their proper, subordinate status
in great chain of being.
It didn't
help that Paul Ryan's plan for privatizing Social Security was, at
base, a rehash of the Ayn Rand-inspired libertarian PiƱera Plan cooked
up under the Chilean dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet - whose military
regime helped refine torture methods later employed in Iraq at Abu
Ghraib and has become known for "disappearing" thousands of its
citizens, often by pushing them out of helicopters into the sea.
This
is the dilemma - will modern American conservatism continue to pay at
least lip service to traditional Christian social justice teaching, or
will it
breakwith
that moral touchstone and remake itself as a party which cleaves to a
Hobbesian social contract that reduces American society to an atomized
struggle of all against all, nasty, brutish, and short?
Leading
up to the 2012 electoral cycle, the eminence grises of the evangelical
right tried to ward off the looming amoral libertarian menace of Paul
Ryan, Rand Paul, Ron Paul Ron Johnson, and the growing Randian horde in
Congress and the Senate:
In early 2011, former George W. Bush speechwriter Michael Gerson, who was well-placed to known which way the wind was blowing,
launched,
from his perch as an op-ed columnist for the Washington Post, a
withering preemptive attack against rising Ayn Rand worship within the
GOP:
Rand's novels are
vehicles for a system of thought known as Objectivism. Rand developed
this philosophy at the length of Tolstoy, with the intellectual
pretensions of Hegel, but it can be summarized on a napkin. Reason is
everything. Religion is a fraud. Selfishness is a virtue. Altruism is a
crime against human excellence. Self-sacrifice is weakness. Weakness is
contemptible.
More
firepower was, it seems, needed and soon the late Chuck Colson, beloved
by evangelicals since his noisy Born Again conversion (and book) weighed
in, in a scathing
review of the 2011 movie adaption of Ayn Rand's book "Atlas Shrugged".
Colson
lambasted followers of Ayn Rand as "cranks and crypto-cultists" and
noted, too, that some "powerful committee members on Capital Hill
indoctrinate their staffers with her tracts" - in a not-too-subtle
reference to Congressman Paul Ryan's repeated declarations that Atlas
Shrugged was required reading in his office.
But even that wasn't enough, apparently, so a searing June 2011 article,
The Fountainhead of Satanism ,
published in the hard-right neoconservative Catholic journal First
Things, posed the question - what if prominent U.S. congress members had
been requiring their staffers to read Church of Satan founder Anton
LaVey's book The Satanic Bible and were giving out the book as a
Christmas gift? Wrote author Joe Carter,
"to
be a follower of both Rand and Christ is not possible. The original
Objectivist was a type of self-professed anti-Christ who hated
Christianity and the self-sacrificial love of its founder. She
recognized that those Christians who claimed to share her views didn't
seem to understand what she was saying.
Many conservatives admire Rand because she was anti-collectivist. But that is like admiring Stalin because he opposed Nazism.
[...]
Few
conservatives will fall completely under Rand's diabolic sway. But we
are sustaining a climate in which not a few gullible souls believe she
is worth taking seriously. Are we willing to be held responsible for
pushing them to adopt an anti-Christian worldview? If so, perhaps
instead of recommending Atlas Shrugged, we should simply hand out copies
of The Satanic Bible. If they're going to align with a satanic cult,
they might as well join the one that has the better holidays."
In
the comment section attached to his article, Carter openly acknowledged
that his article referred directly to Wisconsin Congressman Paul Ryan.
A little later, in July 2011, compassionate conservatism's uber-guru Marvin Olasky tried to pin the ruckus on liberals,
claiming in an article at his World magazine that,
"For
nearly a decade Democrats have sought a religious wedge issue that
could separate big chunks of white evangelical voters from their
Republican home. Now they've found it, and are thrusting at the Social
Darwinist/Ayn Rand underbelly of American conservatism."
But
Olasky couldn't conceal his revulsion at Rand's inversion of the
traditional Christian moral ethos, and called conservatives, including
Paul Ryan by name, to account:
"I
read Atlas Shrugged recently and respected its support for innovators
who pour themselves into their businesses and its disdain for
bureaucrats who think entrepreneurialism is easy and automatic. I also
was amazed at the viciousness of Rand's view of Christianity, leading up
to its conclusion, where the book's hero traces in the air the Sign of
the Dollar, a replacement for the Sign of the Cross.
[...]
...this,
sadly, is the book that a budget expert I admire, Rep. Paul Ryan,
R-Wis., recommends-apparently without caveat-and tells his staffers to
read. Sen. Ron Johnson, R-Wis., is also a Rand fan...
...Ryan
and others, if they want support from Christians, cannot merely react
to the left's criticism with a shrug: They should show what in Rand they
agree with and what they spurn. The GOP's big tent should include both
libertarians and Christians, but not anti-Christians."
But that's precisely what Republican vice presidential candidate Paul Ryan did; like Rand's Atlas, he shrugged.
When
controversy surfaced over his past praise for Ayn Rand's ideas (which
in 2005 Ryan credited as inspiring his decision to go into politics)
Paul Ryan spoke out,
denouncing Rand's atheism but little else.
Now
charges of cultism are swirling around Mitt Romney and, unlike the
attacks against Paul Ryan and the Randians back in 2011, they may be
less than fair:
In
classic sociological and anthropological definitions, cults tend to
revolve around one or several charismatic figures, and are organized in
concentric rings, with an inner circle of acolytes around those
charismatic figures and outer rings of followers with successively less
devotion, access, and perceived authority.
In
that view, most religions (Christianity included) begin as cults, and
the ones that successfully evolve into religions (such as Christianity
and Mormonism) eventually develop fixed doctrine, established
ecclesiastical hierarchy, and so on.
If
anything, the conservative evangelical Christian animus against the
Mormon Church has much to do with the fact that Mormonism has long been
one of the
fastest growing religions in the U.S. and the world.
So
it's less than surprising that the Billy Graham Evangelistic
Association would try to tar Mormonism, a business competitor, as a
"cult" - a term that since the 1970s has in American culture, especially
in evangelical culture, picked up dark connotations; for many
evangelicals, even cults which do not feature overt Satan worship are
halfway there nonetheless.
When
casual visitors to the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association website
punch the word "Mormon" into the website's search engine, what search
results will they get? - The first hit is a
BGEA page on which Billy Graham himself explains that,
"A
cult is a group that claims that it, and it alone, has the truth about
God and offers the only way to salvation. Members reject what Christians
have believed for almost 2,000 years, and substitute instead their own
beliefs for the clear teachings of the Bible.
Often,
they add to the Bible by claiming that the books their founder wrote or
"discovered" are from God, and have equal authority to the Bible. In
reality, however, those books deny what the Bible says about God or
Jesus, or about the way of salvation."
It's no secret that Momonism's founder Joseph Smith did indeed discover new scripture.
The
less than obvious but fully absurd aspect of this is that, while
Graham's definition could be seen as applying to Mormonism, it also pegs
a fast-rising tendency within conservative evangelical Christianity
itself, the New Apostolic Reformation - a tendency whose apostles and
prophets
dominated The
Response, the August 2011 religious rally that kick-started Texas
Governor Rick Perry's failed bid for the 2012 Republican presidential
nomination.
in August 2011, NPR's Fresh Air dedicated an
entire hour long segment to the New Apostolic Reformation - who were the religious leaders up onstage at Perry's event? Few seemed to know.
Then, in early October, Fresh Air host Terry Gross
interviewed NAR
guru C. Peter Wagner himself - the low-key, elderly academic who has
played a key role in shaping and organizing the emerging NAR.
If
the New Apostolic Reformation had been competing* with Mormonism for
sheer doctrinal color, Wagner hardly could have done better - during the
interview Wagner told Gross that the early 2011 tsunami which ravaged
Northern Japane, and the Japanese economic downturn of the 1990s, both
may have been caused by what Wagner described as a sexual tryst between
the Japanese emperor and a "sky goddess" who, according to Wagner, may
have been a succubus.
Of course,
Republican politicians vying for the 2012 GOP presidential nomination
who had noteworthy ties to the New Apostolic Reformation didn't prevail -
and so the Japanese emperor and the succubus did not become a
presidential campaign issue.
Rather,
Republican success or failure in the 2012 presidential election may
hinge on internecine doctrinal disputes within conservative
evangelicalism, disputes that will help determine evangelical voter
turnout -- Is Mitt Romney a cultist? Is Paul Ryan a crypto-satanist? And
more importantly, for evangelicals who agree with one or both
propositions, does politics trump theology or does theology trump
politics?
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